一、概述Summary
      豎式預(yù)熱器是活性石灰設(shè)備的主機(jī)之一，豎式預(yù)熱器的主要作用是把上部送來的石灰石物料送到預(yù)熱器體內(nèi)，同時(shí)利用窯內(nèi)煅燒后排放出來的高溫廢氣( 850°) ，在預(yù)熱器內(nèi)將物料均勻的預(yù)熱到750°以上，預(yù)熱過程中有百分之三十CaCO3在預(yù)熱器內(nèi)分解，然后再由液壓推桿推入回轉(zhuǎn)窯內(nèi)煅燒，這樣的煅燒工藝不僅使石灰石在窯內(nèi)燃燒時(shí)間大大縮短，同時(shí)也能獲得較高活性度的石灰。

 
      豎式預(yù)熱器系統(tǒng)主要由六大部分組成：

      1.上部給料系統(tǒng)：主要包括上部料倉(cāng)、下料管，下料方式及結(jié)構(gòu)可以保證在向預(yù)熱器本體內(nèi)給料時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)安全密封，這樣外界的冷空氣不能進(jìn)入到預(yù)熱器內(nèi)，并且供料可以借助棒條閥實(shí)現(xiàn)連續(xù)或不間斷給料。

      2.預(yù)熱器本體：它是保證物料預(yù)熱到750°以上的最重要部分，它是由預(yù)熱室、懸掛裝置及耐火磚襯等部分構(gòu)成。該部分的結(jié)構(gòu)大部分是金屬構(gòu)件，部分材料根據(jù)需要選用了耐熱鋼，耐熱鋼能在1000-1100攝氏度高溫下工作。另外耐火磚襯結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)新穎、密封性好，能保證物料在預(yù)熱器內(nèi)均勻預(yù)熱并達(dá)到預(yù)熱溫度。

     3.推料裝置：主要包括推頭、框架和連桿等部分，推頭采用耐熱鋼鑄造焊接而成，能承受高溫，借助電控和液壓系統(tǒng)，含個(gè)液壓推桿能自動(dòng)控制程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)順次推料。

     4.液壓系統(tǒng)：主要包括油箱、油泵、電機(jī)、電磁閥、液壓油管等。它的主要作用是控制推料裝置，完成推料動(dòng)作。

     5.下部加料室：主要包括溜管、加料室主體、加料溜嘴等，它的主要作用是將預(yù)熱后的物料導(dǎo)入回轉(zhuǎn)窯內(nèi)般煅燒。

     6.框架：它主要包括立柱、 圈梁等，主要作用是承載預(yù)熱器的上部結(jié)構(gòu)。

     The vertical preheater is one main engine of the active lime equipment. The major role of the vertical preheater is to send the lime materials from the upper part to the body part of the preheater, and make use of the high-temperature flue gas emit- ted after calcination in the kiln to heat the materials within the preheater to above 750°. During the preheating process, 30% of CaCO3 Is decomposed In the preheater, which is then pushed into the rotary kiln for calcination by the hydraulic push rod. The calcination process not only greatly shortens the burning duration in the kiln, but can also obtain lime with a high activity degree. The vertical preheater system is made up of the following six parts:

     1. Upper feeding system: lnclude the upper stock bin and blanking tubes. The blanking style and structure realizes safe
sealing when feeding to the body part of the preheater. ln this way, the outside cold air can be prevented from entering the preheater, and the materials can make use of the rob valve to achieve continuous or uninterrupted feeding.

     2. Body part of the preheater: lt is the most important part which can guarantee materials to get preheated to above
750°C, and is made up of the preheating chamber, the suspension gear and the firebrick lining. The structure of the body part of the preheater is mostly made up of metal components. Some materials are heat-resistant steel, which can work at a high temperature of 1,000°C to 1,100°C. Besides, the firebrick lining has a novel structural design and good airtightness, which can evenly preheat materials in the preheater and help it reach the preheating temperature.

     3. Push device: The push device is made up of the push head, the framework and the connecting rod. The push head is
welded using the heat一resistant steel, which can work at an extremely high temperature. Relying on the electronic control and hydraulic system, the hydraulic push rod can automatically control procedures to realize pushing in sequence.

     4. Hydraulic system: The hydraulic system includes the fuel tank, oil pump, motor, solenoid valve and hydraulio oil pipe-line. The major role of the hydraulic system is to control the push device and flnish the push operation.

      5. Lower feeding chamber: The lower feeding chamber includes the elephant trunk, body part of the feeding chamber,,and feeding nozzle. The major role of the lower feeding chamber is to import the preheated materials to the rotary kiln for ca1- cination.

      6. Framework: The framework mainly includes the vertica1 column and the ring beam. The major role of the framework is to bear the upper structure of the preheater.